1. Kupanga kwa Solvothermal
1. Yaiwisichiŵerengero cha zinthu
Ufa wa zinc ndi ufa wa selenium zimasakanizidwa pa chiŵerengero cha molar cha 1:1, ndipo madzi osungunuka kapena ethylene glycol amawonjezedwa ngati chosungunulira 35.
2.Zochitika pakuchitapo kanthu
kutentha kwa reaction: 180-220°C
Nthawi yochitapo kanthu: maola 12-24
o Kupanikizika: Sungani kupanikizika komwe kumadzipangira nokha mu ketulo yotsekedwa
Kuphatikiza mwachindunji kwa zinc ndi selenium kumathandizidwa ndi kutentha kuti apange makhiristo a zinc selenide a nanoscale 35.
3.Njira yochizira pambuyo pa chithandizo
Pambuyo pa yankho, linayikidwa mu centrifuge, kutsukidwa ndi ammonia wosungunuka (80 °C), methanol, ndikuumitsidwa ndi vacuum (120 °C, P₂O₅).btainufa > 99.9% woyera 13.
2. Njira yosungira nthunzi ya mankhwala
1.Kusamalira zinthu zopangira
o Kuyera kwa zinki ndi ≥ 99.99% ndipo kumayikidwa mu graphite crucible
Mpweya wa hydrogen selenide umayendetsedwa ndi argon gas carry6.
2.Kulamulira kutentha
o Malo otenthetsera zinki: 850-900°C
Malo osungiramo zinthu: 450-500°C
Kuyika kwa nthunzi ya zinki ndi hydrogen selenide motsatira kutentha kwa 6.
3.Magawo a gasi
o Kuthamanga kwa Argon: 5-10 L/mphindi
o Kupanikizika pang'ono kwa hydrogen selenide:0.1-0.3 atm
Kuchuluka kwa madzi otayika kumatha kufika pa 0.5-1.2 mm/h, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale polycrystalline zinc selenide 6 yokhuthala ya 60-100 mm..
3. Njira yopangira mwachindunji yolimba
1. Yaiwisikusamalira zinthu
Yankho la zinc chloride linaphatikizidwa ndi yankho la oxalic acid kuti apange zinc oxalate precipitate, yomwe inaumitsidwa ndi kuphwanyidwa ndikusakanizidwa ndi ufa wa selenium pa chiŵerengero cha 1:1.05 molar 4..
2.Magawo a kutentha kwa kutentha
o Kutentha kwa ng'anjo ya chubu chopanda mpweya: 600-650°C
o Sungani nthawi yotentha: maola 4-6
Ufa wa zinc selenide wokhala ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta 2-10 μm umapangidwa ndi solid-phase diffusion reaction 4.
Kuyerekeza njira zazikulu
| njira | Kujambula kwa zinthu | Kukula kwa tinthu/makulidwe | Kukongola kwa kristalo | Minda yogwiritsira ntchito |
| Njira ya Solvothermal 35 | Nanoballs/ndodo | 20-100 nm | Sphalerite ya Cubic | Zipangizo zamagetsi |
| Kuyika nthunzi 6 | Mabuloko a polycrystalline | 60-100 mm | Kapangidwe ka hexagonal | Ma infrared optics |
| Njira yokhazikika 4 | Ufa wa kukula kwa micron | 2-10 μm | Gawo la Cubic | Zinthu zoyambira za infrared |
Mfundo zazikulu zoyendetsera njira yapadera: njira yoyeretsera kutentha imafunika kuwonjezera ma surfactants monga oleic acid kuti azitha kusintha mawonekedwe 5, ndipo kuyika nthunzi kumafuna kuti kuuma kwa substrate kukhale < Ra20 kuti zitsimikizire kufanana kwa kuyika 6.
1. Kuyika nthunzi m'thupi (PVD).
1.Njira Yaukadaulo
o Zinc selenide imaphikidwa mu nthunzi mu malo opanda mpweya ndipo imayikidwa pamwamba pa nthaka pogwiritsa ntchito njira yothira madzi kapena ukadaulo wothira madzi mu nthunzi12.
o Magwero a nthunzi ya zinc ndi selenium amatenthedwa ku kutentha kosiyanasiyana (dera la nthunzi ya zinc: 800–850 °C, dera la nthunzi ya selenium: 450–500 °C), ndipo chiŵerengero cha stoichiometric chimalamulidwa polamulira kuchuluka kwa nthunzi.12.
2.Kulamulira kwa magawo
o Vacuum: ≤1×10⁻³ Pa
o Kutentha koyambira: 200–400°C
o Chiŵerengero cha ndalama zomwe zaperekedwa:0.2–1.0 nm/s
Mafilimu a zinc selenide okhala ndi makulidwe a 50–500 nm akhoza kukonzedwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito mu infrared optics 25.
2Njira yopangira mipira yamakina
1.Kusamalira zinthu zopangira
Ufa wa zinc (pure≥99.9%) umasakanizidwa ndi ufa wa selenium pa chiŵerengero cha molar cha 1:1 ndikuyikidwa mu mtsuko wachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri 23.
2.Magawo a ndondomeko
o Nthawi yopera mpira: maola 10–20
Liwiro: 300–500 rpm
o Chiŵerengero cha Pellet: 10:1 (zirconia grinding balls).
Zinc selenide nanoparticles yokhala ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta 50–200 nm idapangidwa ndi makina osakanikirana, okhala ndi chiyero cha >99% 23.
3. Njira yotenthetsera yotentha
1.Kukonzekera koyambirira
o Zinc selenide nanopowder (kukula kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono < 100 nm) yopangidwa ndi njira ya solvothermal ngati zopangira 4.
2.magawo oyeretsera
o Kutentha: 800–1000°C
Kupanikizika: 30–50 MPa
o Sungani kutentha: maola 2–4
Chogulitsachi chili ndi kuchuluka kwa > 98% ndipo chingasinthidwe kukhala zinthu zazikulu zowunikira monga mawindo a infrared kapena magalasi 45.
4. Epitaxy ya kuwala kwa maselo (MBE).
1.Malo opumira mpweya wambiri
o Vacuum: ≤1×10⁻⁷ Pa
o Miyendo ya zinc ndi selenium imalamulira bwino kayendedwe ka madzi kudzera mu gwero la mpweya wa elektron beam6.
2.Magawo a kukula
o Kutentha kwa pansi: 300–500°C (GaAs kapena miyala ya safiro imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri).
o Chiŵerengero cha kukula:0.1–0.5 nm/s
Mafilimu opyapyala a zinc selenide opangidwa ndi kristalo imodzi amatha kukonzedwa mu makulidwe a 0.1–5 μm pazipangizo zamagetsi zolondola kwambiri56.
Nthawi yotumizira: Epulo-23-2025